Essay on Why Is Evolution True - 1951 Words

In recent years, the political and religious movement that sought to integrate theories competing with the theory of evolution into the curriculum of various schools in the US. The theory that was offered was the theory of â€Å"intelligent design†, which even though not explicitly religious, makes for a theory much more compatible with religion than evolution. The danger of this move was that it was trying to dismiss a legitimate scientific theory as just one among the existing theories – an equal rival in pursuit of true explanation. However, what the advocates of this measure were actually doing is to equate scientific theory with a vastly inferior narrative about the world. It was, therefore, necessary for an author like Coyne (2009) to†¦show more content†¦For example, the evolution of an eye went through a large number of intermediate steps all of which had some incremental changes when compared to the previous ones. The idea that all evolution was gradua l is contested by some authors claiming that some evolutionary changes of profound type happened in only one or two generations when organisms containing some profound genetic mutations found them very useful and established a whole new species (Theißen 2009). Theißen (2009), for instance, claims that the emergence of some features of some organisms cannot be explained any other way than postulating these sudden profound changes. However, gradualism should not be excluded and it can be regarded as a normal mode of evolutionary progress, while these sudden â€Å"saltations† provided an alternative mode. Finally, the definition states that the mechanism that drove all these changes was natural selection. Natural selection is the crucial concept in the theory of evolution and Charles Darwin devotes perhaps the central chapter in his landmark book On the Origin of Species to this notion. Some authors before Darwin discussed the possibilities that life could have evolved, but they approached the issue in a rather philosophical manner without reference to particular facts. What Darwin did was to use the theory of evolution as a powerful way of explaining aShow MoreRelatedWhy Evolution Is True?1079 Words   |  5 PagesWhy is Evolution True Essay - Final Over the past few centuries, humans have been questioning and debating over what makes evolution true. In Jerry Coyne’s work, Why Evolution is True, he noted two kinds of evidence from Darwin’s theory of evolution. The first evidence includes the six testable predictions of evolution: evolution, gradualism, speciation, common-ancestry, natural selection, and nonselective mechanisms of evolutionary change. The second evidence that Coyne noted in his work is theRead MoreEssay on Why Evolution is True, by Jerry A. Coyne 2482 Words   |  10 Pages Why Evolution is True is a book by Jerry A. Coyne about how modern man slowly evolved from single cell organisms. This book has changed my whole perspective of evolution. Before I read this book I was a strong believer in creation but while reading this book I realized that there are to many connections between all of earths animals. I am unable see a scenario where we could share so much of our genes with other creatur es and still say that we did not evolve from other animals and were justRead MoreJerry Coyne s Why Evolution Is True?3477 Words   |  14 Pages Jerry Coyne’s Why Evolution Is True? Sainte Leo University Mallory Ansel Abstract In this paper, I will discuss the theory of evolution and the concepts applied throughout the chapters of Jerry A. Coyne’s, Why Evolution is True. In each section, I will summarize the chapter, explain what the contents of that chapter mean to me, and explain how I apply them to my belief system. You may notice throughout the paper I switch between support of evolution and support of creationism; andRead MoreWhy Evolution Is True. Oakley T. Lowe. St. Leo’S University.1263 Words   |  6 PagesWhy Evolution Is True Oakley T. Lowe St. Leo’s University  Abstract Throughout history, there has been a major debate on the theory of evolution. Is it true? The term evolution has been defined many ways, and for the purpose of this paper, I will use the fourth definition from the Merriam-Webster dictionary. â€Å"Evolution is the descent with modification from preexisting species:  cumulative inherited change in a population of organisms through time leading to the appearance of new forms:  the processRead MoreCreationism in Public School Science Class Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesShould history teachers teach that the Holocaust happened and that it didnt happen? If not, then why should science teachers teach that life evolved over billions of years, and that it was created as it is now just six thousand years ago? Creationism should not be taught in science class because it has no supporting evidence, it is not equal to evolution, and religious myths can not be taught in public schools in an officially non religious nation. ...[I]ndividual scientists andRead More Evolution vs. Creation Essay915 Words   |  4 Pagescovered in this piece is that of whether or not evolution should be taught in classrooms. Also, if it is to be taught, should it be taught as fact or theory? It is also intended to present enough evidence to disprove evolution altogether and, as a result, make it much less than a theory, but actually the vain opinions of a man who chose not to accept the truth. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The entire point of this essay is to breakdown the theory of evolution, invalidate its scientific reliability, andRead MoreEvolution : Fact And Theory1649 Words   |  7 PagesEvolution What is evolution? Is it a theory or is it based on facts? Many people think that it is both a fact and a theory. We all seek to find an explanation for life as we know it. We all want to understand how it all began. Creationist believes that the world was created in six days by a supreme being referred to as God. Many scientists report that there is plenty of evidence to prove that all living things have evolved, and reference examples such as evidence from fossils that indicatesRead MoreDarwinists and Dissenters1535 Words   |  7 Pagesthe universe create itself? Ever since Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species was first published in 1859, the debate between those that believe life was brought into existence by supernatural means and those who believe in Darwin’s theory of evolution has been fierce. Each side presents compelling arguments that may sway any uneducated reader to agree with their position based solely on the confidence they portray in their writings. However, because of the vastness and strength of evidence presentedRead MoreFaith and Reason: Creacionists and Evolutionists1249 Words   |  5 PagesMany people believe that Christians have to reject evolution in order to believe in the biblical account of creation in Genesis 1. Scholar and author John Walton, as well as physician, Francis Collins argue that this is not necessarily true. Walton reminds us that we have to read the Bible carefully, as it was not written for us but for the Israelites. Walton also argues that observing natural effects does not mean that we have to remove God from our thoughts. He cannot just reveal all the scientificRead MoreIn The Article The Fossil Record Supports Evolution, Writer,938 Words   |  4 Pages In the article The Fossil Record Supports Evolution, writer, David A. Thomas argues his position. He favors Evolution over Creationism. In the article David explains how there are gaps in fossilization. He tells how creationists expos e those gaps and claim that because of those gaps evolution is not proven to be true. However Thomas explains that there are many difficult steps in the process of uncovering fossils, but those difficulties don’t disprove anything. He says that creationists say that

Wuthering Heights - Narrative Structure Essay - 712 Words

How effective is the narrative structure in Wuthering Heights? Wuthering Heights has a unique and complex narrative structure. There are the two main narrators, Lockwood and Nelly, they each are eyewitness narrators as they have took part in the story they describe. The novel is organised in such a way that it is a narrative within a narrative, what some critics would call â€Å"Chinese boxes† or frame narrative. Lockwood is used to open and end the novel, Bronte uses him to represents the outer frame of the story in which the readers can relate to, and this cleverly draws us into the hostile and bewildering environment of Wuthering Heights, â€Å"... a wilderness of crumbling griffins, I detected a date â€Å"1500†, and a name â€Å"Hareton Earnshaw†. I†¦show more content†¦I know, by instinct, his reserve springs from an aversion to showy displays of feeling† shows the reader how easily it is to misinterpret the characters complexity, and our similar position to Lockwood becomes a warning that suggests we too should not rely on our instincts when passing judgement on characters. As the novel progresses there is a narrative shift to Nelly Dean who is the binary opposite of Lockwood and represents the inner frame of the narrative structure. Initially this creates a sense of relief as we understand Nelly to have been part of the story itself, giving the reader a true and reliable insight, â€Å"Very old, sir, and Hareton is the last of them, as our Miss Cathy is of us – I mean, of the Lintons. Have you been to Wuthering Heights? I beg pardon for asking but I’d like to know how she is?† However, the use of the possessive and collective pronouns such as â€Å"our† and â€Å"us† shows how she is emotionally involved to the characters and also herself correction shows that she has a blurred view of who she is and what family she is a part of, suggesting to us that she too is unreliable similarly to Lockwood. Moreover, Nelly Dean’s role as confidante to almost all the characters in the story placed her in a position of power. In a feminist reading she is the most powerful as she has the ability to manipulate and direct the story. However, the use of the epistolary form shows a weakness in women as Bronte presents Isabella’sShow MoreRelated The Narrative Structure of Wuthering Heights and Heart of Darkness1152 Words   |  5 PagesThe Narrative Structure of Wuthering Heights and Heart of Darkness      Ã‚  Ã‚   Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte was first published in 1847, during the Victorian Era. Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad was first published as a complete novel in 1902, beginning what is referred to as the Modernist Era in literature. Each of these compelling stories is narrated by an uninvolved character who is quoting a story told to them by a character who actually participated in the story being told. There areRead MoreThe Depth of Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights884 Words   |  4 PagesWuthering Heights was written by Emily Bronte’. It would be the least to say her imagination was quite impressive. Through imagination as a child, Bronte’ and her sisters would write children stories, which inspired some popularly known novels. Wuthering Heights contains crossing genres, changing settings, multiple narrators, and unreliable narrators. George R. R. Martin wrote the book Game of Thrones, which is one of the modern day novels that contain several of Em ily Bronte’s writing techniquesRead MoreEssay on The Depth of Emely Brontes Wuthering Heights1345 Words   |  6 PagesWuthering Heights was written by Emily Bronte’, although she first published her novels under a gentleman’s name. Her famous novel has become a classic in English literature. It would be the least to say her imagination was quite impressive. Through her child imagination, Bronte’ and her siblings would write children stories. â€Å"Emily’s childhood created an imaginary nation, originating from the numerous poems devoted to the doings of the Gondals† (Bradner 129). The ‘Gondal’ poems they wrote inspiredRead MoreThe Victorian Society of Wuthering Heights637 Words   |  3 Pagesseriously. Consequently, to counteract this Emily Bronte published her novel Wuthering Heights, under the male pseudonym of Ellis Bell. Wuthering Heights is the story of domesticity, obsession, and elemental divided passion between the i ntertwined homes of the Earnshaw’s residing at the rural farmhouse Wuthering Heights, and the Linton family of the more genteel Thrushcross Grange. This essay will discuss how the language and narrative voices established a structural pattern of the novel, and how these differingRead MoreThe Erl King1374 Words   |  6 PagesGreen Man. The Erl-King is the personification of nature, as traditions embark this in the Green Man, ‘when he combs his hair that is the colour of dead leaves’, emphasising as though he is a tree. Therefore this can be linked to Emily Bronte’s ‘Wuthering Heights’ as it too is associated with nature, in the sense of the wild and desolate moors, representing the wilderness and the isolation of nature. The folkloric traditions of the Green Man perceive him as peaceful as he does no harm, embodying him asRead MoreWuthering Heights by Emily Brontà «1111 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Catherine and Heathcliff grow up together at Wuthering Heights, Catherine family home on the northern English moors. Heathcliff arrives as a gypsy founding. Catherine father Mr. Earnshaw raises him as a son. Catherine is a strong and wild beauty who shares Heathcliff wild nature Alone together on the moors Catherine and Heathcliff feel as if they are soul mates. But to Heathcliff despair outside forces begin to pull them a part. After falling in love with Catherine .She reject himRead MoreStructure and Narrative Technique in Wurthering Heights and Return of the Native1154 Words   |  5 Pagesnovel was originally intended to be of a five book structure, with monthly instalments, ending with a final, devastating climax, coupled with the numerous classical references to Hades. Hercules and Prometheus, shows even further Hardys desire to create an immensely tragic novel, void of a desire to please societies middle-class novel reading public. Although it was to be this novel which eventually underwent serious revision, `Wuthering Heights would have ultimately appeared as more bafflingRead MoreTragic Family Relationships in Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte 1018 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: In 1800 Century, Catherine and Heathcliff grow up together at Wuthering Heights, Catherine family home on the northern English moors. Heathcliff arrives as a gypsy founding. Catherine father Mr. Earnshaw raises him as a son. Catherine is a strong and wild beauty who shares Heathcliff wild nature Alone together on the moors Catherine and Heathcliff feel as if they are soul mates. But to Heathcliff despair outside forces begin to pull them a part. After falling in love with CatherineRead MoreWuthering Heights By Charlotte Bronte1137 Words   |  5 Pagesin the Victorian period, built unbreakable embankments against the patriarchal flow, paved the way for the free flow of matriarchy and establishes gender equality and above all sets stage for humanity through their works. Emily Bronte wrote Wuthering Heights, Charlotte Bronte wrote Jane Eyre and Anne Bronte wrote Agnes Grey. They wrote these novels based on their own experiences and close observation of life and conditions of women in male dominated society. Their works of fiction depict the sagaRead MoreLockwood and Nelly as the Obvious Narrators in Wuthering Heights2538 Words   |  11 PagesLockwood and Nelly as the Obvious Narrators in Wuthering Heights Although Lockwood and Nelly serve as the obvious narr ators, others are interspersed throughout the novel-Heathcliff, Isabella, Cathy, even Zillah-who narrate a chapter or two, providing insight into both character and plot development. Catherine does not

Cost Planning Project Report Business Tender

Question: Describe about the Cost Planning Project Report for Business Tender. Answer: Introduction Cost plan for the particular cottage project is prepared by the quantity surveyors or in the loose sense we often call them as cost consultant. By the concepts of the cost consultants it includes details like nature of design , actual prizes , contractors details, suppliers details, specialist contractors involved in the process from the preparation of the blue print to the stage of the complete construction till the end. Here for the cost plan in terms of the structure, finishes and the different fitments used in the cost estimation. The basic terms and the cost which generally includes in the cost plan for any construction are as follows Feasibility study or the initial cost appraisals for the tender passed. Study of the elemental cost plan for the brief study of the detailed design of the construction site. Approximate quantity cost plan for the estimation of the accurate cost and the resources used in the construction. Pre tender estimate process for the preparation of the price quotation for the different resources used in the construction. Tender pricing document for collecting the tender documents for the new contractors for the contractors process. Contract sum, it is amount of the amount which generally agreed during the initial of the construction period. Contract sum analysis, it is the analysis or the basic total pay for the contractors for the starting of any process. Final account agreed as per the vendors is the final amount agreed or fixed to complete the project in the estimated time period. The basic procedure for this is dependent upon the defects liabilities period for the project tenure. As per the estimation of the price for the different appraisals used for the initial cost for the project. Excluding the cost which is incurred for proper execution of the project on the construction side, some other costs do add on the project such as the civil equipment fees, furniture cost fees. Cost incurred in the staff s moving, different secondary contracts for the outside of the main works. And also in the estimation of the tender cost, the cost of the initial cost appraisals is carried for the benefit of the complete design of the project. For the project tender the cost involved in the project estimation is totally based on the project cost and the method upon which the process is monitored by the client organization. For the approximation of the basic cost of the project different published rates is estimated and then only any new cost plan is initiated. Bill of Quantities It is the document prepared by the registered quantity surveyor or the cost consultant for providing the different project specific measured quantities. The basic method and the process involved in the following process should be such as the drawing for the blue print of the construction design, notable specifications and the adjustments in the tender documentation. In the drawing practice for any project the basic parameters and the quantities used are number , length , area , volume and the date and time. The basic requirement used for the preparation of the bill of the quantities for any construction projects demands complete design and also the specification should be in the aligned format for the study. The basic need of the BOQ(Bill of quantities) is issued for the different tenderers in order to prepare for the price carrying cost for the works used in the construction process. Under the BOQ, the tenders cost is mentioned for the cost of all the items used during the projects, its quotation. And also the basic cost involved in the following process includes a detailed specification of the tenders specification, its background, quality standards offers by the tenders. Based on the following fact only the negotiations with the tender will done. Tender Pricing Document As per the tendering contractors, the tendering pricing documents sets the way out under which the whole design team and the client thoroughly review the breakdown in the prices quoted in the tender. The quotation for the any new project in the building construction is totally based on the sheer study of the project. In the shorter way it can be estimated to be like the unpriced Bill of the material used in the initial of any project. Here in the tendering pricing the cost plan for the project is done in the pre-tender estimates. Some preliminary staff cost and the basic working of the project may be broken in the more details. The basic objective of the tender pricing document for the following project are as It is used to enable the comparison in between the tender cost plan or the tenders. It is method to allow the cost consultant or the quantity consultant in order to assess the values for basic value of the different tenders, by which we can assess the complete value of the money. Identify any significant changes in the pricing of the tenders to ensure the design has been executed and done properly. To check the financial outcomes from the tenders report. In the simple way, the completed tender pricing document is effectively a priced bill of the material in which complete in and out details about the project is present. By the help of the following document only, the tenders rates, costs, and the complete offer related to the project is used. Pre- Tender Estimate for the Contracts The Pre- tender estimate (PTE) is the final estimate of the complete cost incurred in the project, or the complete cost of work which is described in the completed tender documents. By the help of the such documents only the any project seek supplier for the construction tender. And the details of the pre-tender estimate is not included in the tender documents. By the help of the following document before releasing any tender all the estimates of the project is checked and all the parameters is done accordingly. By the help of the following estimate, one can compare the budget of the project to its tender. And also in such scenario, the basic cash flow estimate from the client end is done properly.and for the estimation of the following estimate New Rules of Measurement (NRM) techniques is used. Cost saving methods for construction projects The basic methods to save the cost for the project, is the method of the measurement used in the tenderers and the client end. Measurement is the transformation of the drawn data into the description and the quantity information of the project. By the help of the measurement tool, one can check the terms like cost, complete pricing of the construction work, and also it can effectively assist the flow of the effective management. Under this process, the complete detailing of any task is done in order to enable the efficiency in the positive respect. Figure Basic design used for the construction process By the help of this technique, we can easily estimate the complete cost of the project by the help of the pre-cost and the post cost method. And also it helps in producing of the bill of quantities by using the technique of the tendering and also it helps in estimating that what is the amount paid to the contractors and to the sub-contractors for their respective work done. Pre-Contract Measurement By the help of the early data used in the different stages, the cost consultant will measure the dimensions of the construction project to produce the budget estimates for the project. Now during this process it is used to create a benchmark for the similar building of its kind. This process continues with the flow of the project and continues till the end of the project. As per the design develops , the cost consultant ot the quantity surveyors measure the approximate units for the cost planning and also ensure that the design is maintained with the budget. After this cost consultant thoroughly measures the completed working drawing to estimate and produce new BOQ( Bill of Quantities). Post-Contract Measurement For the post contract measurement, the contractor can use the measurement and these are Estimating the construction methodology for the preparation of the tenders quotes. Orders for the inventory for the project. Sales and the procurement for the different sub-contractors and the outsource works. Calculation the effect of the variations in the parameters such as inventory , work force, shifts as per the demand rate of the construction project. Payments making timely to the sub-contractors and the contractors Rapid assessment for the valuation of the quality of the work done Complete cost control for the project in the mid of the project and in the end of the project. Estimation of the cost if there is any variation in the work. Providing the complete structure for the information by which maximum analysis of the project can be done. Defining the unit of the measurement for the respective item , in the standard way so that the condition of the interchangeability can maintain . Provides the rule for the include and the excluded item. Define every terms to avoid disputes. Order of the cost estimating and the cost planning The condition like the cost hikes, overheads, profit , risks allowances for the product can be easily maintained by the method of the market survey. There should be the proper updating in the documents, there should be proper brainstorming with every issues and problem seen during the process. By doing such things only one can meet the need of the client, can provide more up front detail, can apply better consideration of the full cost used in the project. By using the above documents it can quantify the risk of the market in a better way, the value of the time management can also be used by the help of the updating in the documents. Completion of the project As per the given techniques the base cost of the product cost, equipment, capital investment almost every revenue is dependent on the year of the starting of the project. As the project is going to be end on 2017, so because of this scenario the major estimation such as inventory control, capital investment , work force management, machinery and the equipment is maintained such that if there is any hike in the cost of among this, then there should be no bottlenecking in the process. Cost escalation In order to avoid the cost escalation of the product , for any project there should be market survey for the product time to time such as on the monthly, yearly, on the weekly basis. By such way one can adjust proper inventory control for the mandatory product, Cost planning For any cost planning involved the basic planning is done for the investment which generally escalated as per the time. The provisional sum allocation of the project used here is done by the estimation of the units (cost) involved for the various fields. These are Here during the construction time the basic cost involved is classified on the basis of the parameters which changes as per the time Tasks Cost involved in ($) Boundary fencing cost 3,000 driveway 7,000 Road crossing 3,500 Septic system installment 10,500 Solar Electricity System 7,000 Outdoor spa and pergola 7,000 Landscaping 3,000 Total 41,000 Conclusion By the process of the cost planning ,one can estimate and maintain construction, management ,and the procurement process in the best way. Under this process, the complete detailing of any task is done in order to enable the efficiency in the positive respect.By the help of this technique, we can easily estimate the complete cost of the project by the help of the pre-cost and the post cost method. And also it helps in producing of the bill of quantities by using the technique of the tendering and also it helps in estimating that what is the amount paid to the contractors and to the sub-contractors for their respective work done. This process continues with the flow of the project and continues till the end of the project. As per the design develops , the cost consultant ot the quantity surveyors measure the approximate units for the cost planning and also ensure that the design is maintained with the budget. References An introduction to cost planning. (1976). London: R.I.C.S. Analytical methods and approaches for water resources project planning. (2004). Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. Boussabaine, H. (2007).Cost planning of PFI and PPP building projects. New York: Taylor Francis. Browning, C. (1961).Building economics and cost planning. London: Batsford. Burke, R. (1999).Project management. Chichester, England: J. Wiley. Cartlidge, D. (1973).Cost planning and building economics. London: Hutchinson. Civil engineering. (1800). [Place of publication not identified]: [publisher not identified]. Cost planning estimating for facilities maintenance. (1996). Kingston, MA: R.S. Means. Eyres, D. (2007).Ship construction. Amsterdam: Butterworth-Heinemann. Ferry, D., Brandon, P. and Ferry, J. (1999).Cost planning of buildings. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Science. Indian courts and the future. (1978). Washington, D.C.: National American Indian Court Judges Association. Kerzner, H. (2001).Project management. New York: John Wiley. Kirkham, R., Brandon, P. and Ferry, D. (2007).Ferry and Brandon's cost planning of buildings. Oxford, UK: Blackwell. Lester, A. and Lester, A. (2007).Project management, planning and control. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann. Mitchell, C. and Nield, D. (1963).Mitchell's Advanced building construction. London: B.T. Batsford. Nash, K. (1967).Civil engineering. London: R. Hale. Ostrowski, S. (2013).Estimating and cost planning using the new rules of measurement. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. Scott, J. (1969).Civil engineering. [London]: Longmans. Smith, J. and Jaggar, D. (2007).Building cost planning for the design team. Amsterdam: Butterworth-Heinemann. Smith, P. (1993).Civil engineering. Hampton, Middlesex [England]: Key Note Publications. Sutton, S. and Lovelock, B. (n.d.).Construction. Taylor, J. (2008).Project scheduling and cost control. Ft. Lauderdale, Fla.: J. Ross Pub.

Jetblue Airways Marketing Mix free essay sample

JetBlue Airways Corp. is one of the major American low-cost airline and one of the best examples of a succeeding business because of excellent customer service based on low operating cost relative to the superior product offering (offer a product superior to competitors at affordable prices). JetBlue is established in 1999 by David Needleman and commenced operation only February 11, 2000 with new Airbus A320 aircraft operating between Buffalo and Ft. Lauderdale (Nasdaq 2011). In 2001 during the sharp decrease in airline travel that followed the terrorist attack company could survive the competition of the major airlines and even become one of the airline companies that made a profit (Denison Consulting 2005). Nowadays, JetBlue is the largest passenger carrier in the United States operating 115 Airbus A320 and 45 EMBARE 190 – the youngest and most fuel-efficient aircrafts serving 66 cities with an average of 650 daily flights throughout US and eleven countries in the Caribbean, South America and Latin America. JetBlue has the idea to â€Å"bring the humanity back to air travel†, including friendly, customer-service oriented staff, new aircrafts, with leather covered seats, build-in flat-screen monitors with in-flight movies, over 30 channels of DIRECTV, and 100 channel of XM satellite radio without any additional charge, providing the excellent service product in airline industry with reasonably priced optional upgrades and offering the simple and low fares (JetBlue Airways 2011). We will write a custom essay sample on Jetblue Airways Marketing Mix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Marketing mix Marketing mix a framework describing the combination of marketing tools that the marketers blend to create a desired response in the target market (Kotler 2011). It is made up from everything the firm can do to stimulate the demand for its product. Traditionally the marketing mix is made up 4 main elements: product, promotion, place and price. Product Author Elliot (2009) defines product as anything that company offers to the market to satisfy customer requirements. In the marketing mix, the product variable is related to making an offering that anticipates and meets the needs and wants of consumers. Because the product is main element of the marketing mix – marketers should carefully design product strategies to achieve marketing goals. Product strategies consist of product quality, packaging, branding, support services, product variety and features which benefit the target customer wants. JetBlue offers its customers air transportation with its productivity, in-flight features and customer service. If we look upon the productivity of the JetBlue, we will come to know that the company buys only 2 planes types (JetBlue Airways 2011), which allows keeping its planes in the air more time, reducing the ground time, holding the highest in-air average in the airline market. JetBlue terminals provides kid’s play area, work spaces, cozy lounge zones, retail stores, excellent restaurants with high end dishes, making travelers feel themselves comfortable during the waiting. On boards it installs in-seat LCD monitors as a key product feature during the flight with 36 channels of DirectTV or over 100 channels of Sirius XM Radio (Wikinvest website 2011). Additionally, it covers seats with leather, add more legroom inches comparing to the average airline seat, accompanying with best selected beverages and snacks, and all of these are free of charge. Due to these features, time in JetBlue aircrafts seems shorter because there is more to do during the flight. With the regard to the customer service, JetBlue concentrates at attracting and motivating a talented personnel, how fit company’s values, such as caring, integrity, passion, safety and fun. The values then provide motivated, productive employees who focus on customer satisfaction and exceed their expectations (Dodds 2007) Price Elliot (2009) explains the term price as the amount of money firm charges for its offerings. Certainly, the price has to match the customer’s willingness to pay in order to obtain the product. Otherwise, all the marketing efforts are useless. Additionally, pricing strategies usually adjust prices the business will take from resellers and wholesalers, before fixing prices for the end user. Cost, demand or the competing products’ prices with the consumer’s feelings about the product’s value may be the base of pricing strategies. We can see that the core strength of the JetBlue airline is in its low fare (Online shopping website 2007). Therefore it is important to think carefully about how company can make this low cost affordable for its customers. The solution lies in the control of operational costs. JetBlue does not offer meals during flights but they offer snacks and drinks to their customers. It also saves money by reservation system that employs part-time working at home and using technology to automate tasks (Carton 2001). Another interesting strategy is booking sales through the website and issuing only e-tickets, saving paper, employee time and postage. In addition, JetBlue have only Airbus A320 and EMBRAER 190 (JetBlue Airways 2011), and all of their workers are qualified to fly these type of planes, thus there is no necessary to provide more training to the staff and further having these type of aircrafts allows being more efficient and saving for maintenance processes. These strategies help JetBlue to charge low prices from users and provide significant advantages for success in such a keen competition (Dodds 2007). Place Place is the marketing activity that makes the product available to the target market at the right time and place (Elliot 2009). The development process of distribution strategy includes the decision either to sell straightforwardly to the public through website and catalogues or through partners as retailers and wholesalers. And the choosing of the retailers should be determined by the product, promotion and pricing decisions. JetBlue serves 66 destinations in 21 states, including Puerto Rico and eleven countries in the Caribbean and Latin America and still continues to broad the market (JetBlue Airways 2011). Until 2008 JetBlue mainly served destinations in the United States, but in October, 2007 it announced to enter to high-demand Caribbean and Latin America markets, because this market is, doubtless, one of the most beloved resorts for vacation in the United States. In 2010 about over 25 percent of company capacity was in these regions (JetBlue Airways 2011). JetBlue by combining service with existing courses in company with its loyal customer base allows increasing significantly company presence there very soon. Airline is planning to continue to gain advantage of changing competitive landscape by extended its presence and adding new routes and frequencies. Promotion Marketer Elliot (2009) considers promotion as the marketing activities that communicate to potential buyers, partners and market the advantages of the offering and persuade them to purchase it. Firms use promotion strategies to create the product’s message that will include slogan, strengthening the product benefits and helping company to develop positioning strategy. Also marketers use the combination of advertising, public relations, direct marketing, sales promotion, and personal selling through which message delivers to target market. With regard to Promotion, JetBlue uses Internet, TV and print media as a main source of advertising its product and services (Wikinvest website 2011). The most distinguishing characteristic of JetBlue that it uses social network and online marketing, such as Twitter and Facebook to affect consumers and motivate positive feedbacks from users around the world, creating surprisingly quickly satisfied flyers’ loyalty (Dodds 2007). In addition to regular promotion efforts, airline also launches the special campaigns such as The Flyer’s Collection, the highly entertaining slideshow illustrating gadgets that all travelers really wished existed, decided that laughter really is the best way effort to increase ticket sales during holidays, supported by advertising mediums such as 35,000 gift guides (Lambrano 2010). One of the gifts in the guide is a â€Å"knee jockey,† for instance. It’s like a bra for your knees,† said JetBlue advertising message. â€Å"It holds your knees up so they don’t have to be smashed in [by] the seat in front of you. † The point here is to emphasize that JetBlue has a lot of legroom. (JetBlue Airways 2011). All of these helped the company to build a brand power and create loyal consumers. JetBlue, undoubtedly, changing the way of promotion should be implemented by any kind of companies.